@article{nagashima2026physicsguided,
  title = {Physics-Guided Flow-Map Matching for Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Shunya Nagashima and Takumi Bannai and Makoto Misaizu and Keisuke Maeda and Takahiro Ogawa and Miki Haseyama},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.37487},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.37487},
}

@article{xu2026nowcastdit,
  title = {NowcastDiT: Diffusion Transformers are Effective Precipitation Nowcasters},
  author = {Haoran Xu and Xingzhuo Guo and Yuchen Zhang and Jincheng Zhong and Jianmin Wang and Mingsheng Long},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.37038},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.37038},
}

@article{erickson2026explainable,
  title = {Explainable Deep Learning for Probabilistic Nowcasting of Radar Reflectivity in Tornadic Storms},
  author = {Nathan Erickson and Amy McGovern and Aaron Hill},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.35675},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.35675},
}

@article{wang2026mwnowcast,
  title = {MW-Nowcast: Six-hour ensemble nowcasting of extreme precipitation},
  author = {Ning Wang and Zuliang Fang and Weixin Jin and Zhongjian Lv and Shuang Qin and Pengcheng Zhao and Siqi Xiang and Jiang Bian and Haoyi Xiong and Nan Guan and Bin Zhang and Liangjie Zhang and Denvy Deng and Qi Zhang and Matt Corey and Jitu Keshri and Sridhar Iyer and Hongyu Sun and Kit Thambiratnam and Jonathan Weyn and Richard E. Turner and Haiyu Dong},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.34836},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.34836},
}

@article{camilletti2026irene,
  title = {IRENE: A Convolutional GRU Ensemble Model for Radar Precipitation Nowcasting over Italy},
  author = {Alessandro Camilletti and Gabriele Franch and Elena Tomasi and Marco Cristoforetti},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.17175},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.17175},
}

@article{partio2026nowcasting,
  title = {From Nowcasting to Forecasting: Adapting a Reanalysis-Trained},
  author = {Mikko Partio and Leila Hieta and Ossi Laine},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.03763},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.03763},
}

@article{golkar2026genonet,
  title = {GenONet: A Generative operator Network for High-Resolution Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Mohammad Kian Golkar and Luciano Alves de Oliveira and Mohammad Khanjani},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.00544},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.00544},
}

@article{kimpara2026goeseast,
  title = {GOES-East full-disk AI nowcasting of cloud evolution in observation space},
  author = {Dhamma Kimpara and Omid Bagheri and Ivette Hernandez Banos and Byoung-Joo Jung and Chris Snyder},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.20540},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.20540},
}

@article{pearce2026meteorologydriven,
  title = {Meteorology-driven Causal Nowcasting of Fugitive Landfill Emissions Enables Proactive Public Health Response},
  author = {Timothy C. Pearce and David J. T. Smith and Alec Dobney and Alessia Freddo},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.14254},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.14254},
}

@article{silvasosa2026realtime,
  title = {Real-Time Climate Risk Assessment for Supply Chain Resilience: A Data-Driven Nowcasting Framework for Colombian Agriculture},
  author = {Hernan J. Silva-Sosa},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.09846},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.09846},
}

@article{fang2026frecast,
  title = {FreCast: Refining Radar Echo Intensity via Phase-Preserving Amplitude Residual Diffusion for Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Heping Fang and Zihuai Yin and Kaicheng Mao and Peiguang Zhang and Peng Yang},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.08436},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.08436},
}

@article{kalita2026densecast,
  title = {Dense-Cast: A lightweight ensemble of deep learning architectures for precipitation nowcasting},
  author = {Gourav Jyoti Kalita and Hidam Kumarjit Singh},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2608.06082},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.06082},
}

@article{sunil2026physicsbased,
  title = {Physics-Based Deep Spatiotemporal Hyperlocal Radar Nowcasting with a Multi-Variable U-Net for High-Resolution Precipitation Forecasting},
  author = {Akshay Sunil and Muhammed Rashid and Raja Sekhar Sivaraju and Sushma Nair and Subimal Ghosh},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2607.16080},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.16080},
}

@article{miralles2026pointwise,
  title = {Pointwise is Pointless? A Multimodal Ablation Study for Precipitation Nowcasting with Graph Neural Networks},
  author = {Ophélia Miralles and Máté Mile and Christoffer Artturi and Thomas Nipen and Ivar Seierstad},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.18436},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.18436},
}

@article{du2026when,
  title = {When the Past Matters: FlashBack Memory for Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Yuhao Du and Boxiao Huang and Chengrong Wu and Jiankai Zhang},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.16342},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.16342},
}

@article{nieuwkoop2026temporal,
  title = {Temporal Context Conditioning for Seasonality-Aware Precipitation Nowcasting of High-Intensity Rainfall},
  author = {Gijs van Nieuwkoop and Siamak Mehrkanoon},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.09959},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.09959},
}

@article{kim2026learning,
  title = {Learning to Solve Generative ODEs Beyond the Linear Span},
  author = {Sihyeon Kim and Seunghun Lee and Vikas Singh and Hyunwoo J. Kim},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.08672},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.08672},
}

@article{zhou2026learning,
  title = {Learning to Refine: Spectral-Decoupled Iterative Refinement Framework for Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Yunlong Zhou and Chen Zhao and Danyang Peng and Fanfan Ji and Xiao-Tong Yuan},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.02661},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.02661},
}

@article{schusterbauer2026probabilistic,
  title = {Probabilistic Precipitation Nowcasting with Rectified Flow Transformers},
  author = {Johannes Schusterbauer and Jannik Wiese and Nick Stracke and Timy Phan and Björn Ommer},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.31204},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31204},
}

@article{nieuwkoop2026beyond,
  title = {Beyond MSE: Improving Precipitation Nowcasting with Multi-Quantile Regression},
  author = {Gijs van Nieuwkoop and Siamak Mehrkanoon},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.30122},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.30122},
}

@article{shin2026visibility,
  title = {Visibility nowcasting in South Korea: a machine learning approach to class imbalance and distribution shift},
  author = {Bong Gyun Shin and Chan Sik Lee and Hyesun Suh},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.21507},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.21507},
}

@article{shi2026mambarain,
  title = {MambaRain: Multi-Scale Mamba-Attention Framework for 0-3 Hour Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Chunlei Shi and Cui Wu and Xiang Xu and Hao Li and Ni Fan and Xue Han and Yongchao Feng and Yufeng Zhu and Boyu Liu and Zengliang Zang and Hongbin Wang and Yanlan Yang and Dan Niu},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.14606},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.14606},
}

@article{shi2026vmudiff,
  title = {VMU-Diff: A Coarse-to-fine Multi-source Data Fusion Framework for Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Chunlei Shi and Hao Li and Yufeng Zhu and Boyu Liu and Yongchao Feng and Zengliang Zang and Hongbin Wang and Yanlan Yang and Dan Niu},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.14597},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.14597},
}

@article{kurchaba2026spatiotemporal,
  title = {Spatiotemporal downscaling and nowcasting of urban land surface temperatures with deep neural networks},
  author = {Solomiia Kurchaba and Angela Meyer},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.13566},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.13566},
}

@article{wen2026mccast,
  title = {McCast: Memory-Guided Latent Drift Correction for Long-Horizon Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Penghui Wen and Yu Luo and Lintao Wang and Mengwei He and Patrick Filippi and Thomas Francis Bishop and Zhiyong Wang},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.13197},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.13197},
}

@article{wen2026stable,
  title = {Stable Attention Response for Reliable Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Penghui Wen and Zexin Hu and Sen Zhang and Patrick Filippi and Xiaogang Zhu and Allen Benter and Thomas Bishop and Zhiyong Wang and Kun Hu},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.13181},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.13181},
}

@article{zhu2026pixelflowcast,
  title = {PixelFlowCast: Latent-Free Precipitation Nowcasting via Pixel Mean Flows},
  author = {Yufeng Zhu and Chunlei Shi and Yongchao Feng and Dan Niu},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.10046},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.10046},
}

@article{cui2026impanet,
  title = {IMPA-Net: Meteorology-Aware Multi-Scale Attention and Dynamic Loss for Extreme Convective Radar Nowcasting},
  author = {Haofei Cui and Guangxin He and Juanzhen Sun and Jingjia Luo and Haonan Chen and Xiaoran Zhuang and Mingxuan Chen and Xian Xiao},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.24224},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.24224},
}

@article{panta2026m3r,
  title = {M3R: Localized Rainfall Nowcasting with Meteorology-Informed MultiModal Attention},
  author = {Sanjeev Panta and Rhett M Morvant and Xu Yuan and Li Chen and Nian-Feng Tzeng},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.15377},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.15377},
}

@article{shi2026diffusioncontrastive,
  title = {A Diffusion-Contrastive Graph Neural Network with Virtual Nodes for Wind Nowcasting in Unobserved Regions},
  author = {Jie Shi and Siamak Mehrkanoon},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.10328},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.10328},
}

@article{chen2026magnet,
  title = {MAG-Net: Physics-Aware Multi-Modal Fusion of Geostationary Satellite and Radar for Severe Convective Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Dandan Chen and Yaqiang Wang and Anyuan Xiong and Enda Zhu},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.02818},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.02818},
}

@article{stavrou2026smaatqmixunet,
  title = {SmaAT-QMix-UNet: A Parameter-Efficient Vector-Quantized UNet for Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Nikolas Stavrou and Siamak Mehrkanoon},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.21879},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.21879},
}

@article{qin2026extending,
  title = {Extending Precipitation Nowcasting Horizons via Spectral Fusion of Radar Observations and Foundation Model Priors},
  author = {Yuze Qin and Qingyong Li and Zhiqing Guo and Wen Wang and Yan Liu and Yangli-ao Geng},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.21768},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.21768},
}

@article{xiao2026panet,
  title = {PA-Net: Precipitation-Adaptive Mixture-of-Experts for Long-Tail Rainfall Nowcasting},
  author = {Xinyu Xiao and Sen Lei and Eryun Liu and Shiming Xiang and Hao Li and Cheng Yuan and Yuan Qi and Qizhao Jin},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.13818},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.13818},
}

@article{jin2026metok,
  title = {MeTok: An Efficient Meteorological Tokenization with Hyper-Aligned Group Learning for Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Qizhao Jin and Xianhuang Xu and Yong Cao and Shiming Xiang and Xinyu Xiao},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.13752},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.13752},
}

@article{pavlik2026assessing,
  title = {Assessing the Utility of Volumetric Motion Fields for Radar-based Precipitation Nowcasting with Physics-informed Deep Learning},
  author = {Peter Pavlík and Anna Bou Ezzeddine and Viera Rozinajová},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.13589},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.13589},
}

@article{wang2026fusioncast,
  title = {FusionCast: Enhancing Precipitation Nowcasting with Asymmetric Cross-Modal Fusion and Future Radar Priors},
  author = {Henan Wang and Shengwu Xiong and Yifang Zhang and Wenjie Yin and Chen Zhou and Yuqiang Zhang and Pengfei Duan},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.13298},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.13298},
}

@article{wonderen2026madsmaatgnet,
  title = {MAD-SmaAt-GNet: A Multimodal Advection-Guided Neural Network for Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Samuel van Wonderen and Siamak Mehrkanoon},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.04461},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.04461},
}

@article{huang2026trainingfree,
  title = {Training-free retrieval-augmented generation with reinforced reasoning for flood damage nowcasting},
  author = {Lipai Huang and Kai Yin and Chia-Fu Liu and Ali Mostafavi},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2602.10312},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.10312},
}

@article{sadykov2026machine,
  title = {Machine Learning-Ready Data Sets for the Analysis and Nowcasting of Atmospheric Radiation at Aviation Altitudes},
  author = {Viacheslav M Sadykov and Zachary M Watkins and Dustin Kempton and William Jones and Sanjib K C and Griffin T Goodwin and Xiaochun He and W Kent Tobiska and Irina Kitiashvili and Christopher Mertens and Shubha Ranjan and D Glenn Deardorff and Ryan Spaulding},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2602.07108},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.07108},
}

@article{liu2026wadepre,
  title = {WADEPre: A Wavelet-based Decomposition Model for Extreme Precipitation Nowcasting with Multi-Scale Learning},
  author = {Baitian Liu and Haiping Zhang and Huiling Yuan and Dongjing Wang and Ying Li and Feng Chen and Hao Wu},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2602.02096},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.02096},
}

@article{sun2026stormdit,
  title = {StormDiT: A generative AI model bridges the 2-6 hour 'gray zone' in precipitation nowcasting},
  author = {Haofei Sun and Yunfan Yang and Wei Han and Wei Huang and Huaguan Chen and Zhiqiu Gao and Zeting Li and Zhaoyang Huo and Zeyi Niu},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2601.20342},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.20342},
}

@article{bonte2026spreaderror,
  title = {Spread/Error relationship and spatial error structure of precipitation ensemble nowcasting: Comparison of STEPS and generative AI},
  author = {Martin Bonte and Lesley De Cruz and Fabian Debal and Stéphane Vannitsem},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2601.19298},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.19298},
}

@article{zhang2026rainbalance,
  title = {RainBalance: Alleviating Dual Imbalance in GNSS-based Precipitation Nowcasting via Continuous Probability Modeling},
  author = {Yifang Zhang and Shengwu Xiong and Henan Wang and Wenjie Yin and Jiawang Peng and Duan Zhou and Yuqiang Zhang and Chen Zhou and Hua Chen and Qile Zhao and Pengfei Duan},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2601.06137},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.06137},
}

@article{foo2025stldm,
  title = {STLDM: Spatio-Temporal Latent Diffusion Model for Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Shi Quan Foo and Chi-Ho Wong and Zhihan Gao and Dit-Yan Yeung and Ka-Hing Wong and Wai-Kin Wong},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2512.21118},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.21118},
}

@article{atureta2025curated,
  title = {A curated UK rain radar data set for training and benchmarking nowcasting models},
  author = {Viv Atureta and Rifki Priansyah Jasin and Stefan Siegert},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2512.17924},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.17924},
}

@article{castillo2025physicsinformed,
  title = {Physics-Informed Lightweight Machine Learning for Aviation Visibility Nowcasting Across Multiple Climatic Regimes},
  author = {Marcelo Cerda Castillo},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2512.16967},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.16967},
}

@article{domingos2025exploring,
  title = {Exploring Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and Explainable AI Methods for Seasonal Precipitation Prediction in South America},
  author = {Matheus Corrêa Domingos and Valdivino Alexandre de Santiago Júnior and Juliana Aparecida Anochi and Elcio Hideiti Shiguemori and Luísa Mirelle Costa dos Santos and Hércules Carlos dos Santos Pereira and André Estevam Costa Oliveira},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2512.13910},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.13910},
}

@article{chin2025piano,
  title = {PIANO: Physics-informed Dual Neural Operator for Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Seokhyun Chin and Junghwan Park and Woojin Cho},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2512.01062},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.01062},
}

@article{ju2025rectifying,
  title = {Rectifying Distribution Shift in Cascaded Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Fanbo Ju and Haiyuan Shi and Qingjian Ni},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2511.17628},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.17628},
}

@article{c2025nowcasting,
  title = {Nowcasting of Aviation Radiation Using Geospace Environment Properties: A Machine Learning Approach},
  author = {Sanjib K C and Viacheslav M Sadykov and Dustin Kempton},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2511.15746},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.15746},
}

@article{bhuskute2025computationallyefficient,
  title = {Computationally-efficient deep learning models for nowcasting of precipitation: A solution for the Weather4cast 2025 challenge},
  author = {Anushree Bhuskute and Kaushik Gopalan and Jeet Shah},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2511.11197},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.11197},
}

@article{kushwaha2025comparison,
  title = {A Comparison of Lightweight Deep Learning Models for Particulate-Matter Nowcasting in the Indian Subcontinent & Surrounding Regions},
  author = {Ansh Kushwaha and Kaushik Gopalan},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2511.11185},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.11185},
}

@article{ghosh2025deep,
  title = {Deep Learning for Short-Term Precipitation Prediction in Four Major Indian Cities: A ConvLSTM Approach with Explainable AI},
  author = {Tanmay Ghosh and Shaurabh Anand and Rakesh Gomaji Nannewar and Nithin Nagaraj},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2511.11152},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.11152},
}

@article{harris2025spacetime,
  title = {A Space-Time Transformer for Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Levi Harris and Tianlong Chen},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2511.11090},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.11090},
}

@article{filho2025dinov3,
  title = {DINOv3 as a Frozen Encoder for CRPS-Oriented Probabilistic Rainfall Nowcasting},
  author = {Luciano Araujo Dourado Filho and Almir Moreira da Silva Neto and Anthony Miyaguchi and Rodrigo Pereira David and Rodrigo Tripodi Calumby and Lukáš Picek},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2511.10894},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.10894},
}

@article{ribeiro2025flowcast,
  title = {FlowCast: Advancing Precipitation Nowcasting with Conditional Flow Matching},
  author = {Bernardo Perrone Ribeiro and Jana Faganeli Pucer},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2511.09731},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.09731},
}

@article{catao2025precipitation,
  title = {Precipitation nowcasting of satellite data using physically-aligned neural networks},
  author = {Antônio Catão and Melvin Poveda and Leonardo Voltarelli and Paulo Orenstein},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2511.05471},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.05471},
}

@article{chen2025nowcast3d,
  title = {Nowcast3D: Reliable precipitation nowcasting via gray-box learning},
  author = {Huaguan Chen and Wei Han and Haofei Sun and Ning Lin and Xingtao Song and Yunfan Yang and Jie Tian and Yang Liu and Ji-Rong Wen and Xiaoye Zhang and Xueshun Shen and Hao Sun},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2511.04659},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.04659},
}

@article{panja2025forecasting,
  title = {Forecasting precipitation in the Arctic using probabilistic machine learning informed by causal climate drivers},
  author = {Madhurima Panja and Dhiman Das and Tanujit Chakraborty and Arnob Ray and R. Athulya and Chittaranjan Hens and Syamal K. Dana and Nuncio Murukesh and Dibakar Ghosh},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2510.24254},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.24254},
}

@article{xu2025syncast,
  title = {SynCast: Synergizing Contradictions in Precipitation Nowcasting via Diffusion Sequential Preference Optimization},
  author = {Kaiyi Xu and Junchao Gong and Wenlong Zhang and Ben Fei and Lei Bai and Wanli Ouyang},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2510.21847},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.21847},
}

@article{shi2025stormcentric,
  title = {A Storm-Centric 250 m NEXRAD Level-II Dataset for High-Resolution ML Nowcasting},
  author = {Andy Shi},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2510.16031},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.16031},
}

@article{nguyen2025raindiff,
  title = {RainDiff: End-to-end Precipitation Nowcasting Via Token-wise Attention Diffusion},
  author = {Thao Nguyen and Jiaqi Ma and Fahad Shahbaz Khan and Souhaib Ben Taieb and Salman Khan},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2510.14962},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.14962},
}

@article{agrawal2025operational,
  title = {An Operational Deep Learning System for Satellite-Based High-Resolution Global Nowcasting},
  author = {Shreya Agrawal and Mohammed Alewi Hassen and Emmanuel Asiedu Brempong and Boris Babenko and Fred Zyda and Olivia Graham and Di Li and Samier Merchant and Santiago Hincapie Potes and Tyler Russell and Danny Cheresnick and Aditya Prakash Kakkirala and Stephan Rasp and Avinatan Hassidim and Yossi Matias and Nal Kalchbrenner and Pramod Gupta and Jason Hickey and Aaron Bell},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2510.13050},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.13050},
}

@article{yin2025simcast,
  title = {SimCast: Enhancing Precipitation Nowcasting with Short-to-Long Term Knowledge Distillation},
  author = {Yifang Yin and Shengkai Chen and Yiyao Li and Lu Wang and Ruibing Jin and Wei Cui and Shili Xiang},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2510.07953},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07953},
}

@article{meo2025blockgpt,
  title = {BlockGPT: Spatio-Temporal Modelling of Rainfall via Frame-Level Autoregression},
  author = {Cristian Meo and Varun Sarathchandran and Avijit Majhi and Shao Hung and Carlo Saccardi and Ruben Imhoff and Roberto Deidda and Remko Uijlenhoet and Justin Dauwels},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2510.06293},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06293},
}

@article{kurki2025probability,
  title = {Probability calibration for precipitation nowcasting},
  author = {Lauri Kurki and Yaniel Cabrera and Samu Karanko},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2510.00594},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00594},
}

@article{jiang2025knowledgeguided,
  title = {Knowledge-Guided Adaptive Mixture of Experts for Precipitation Prediction},
  author = {Chen Jiang and Kofi Osei and Sai Deepthi Yeddula and Dongji Feng and Wei-Shinn Ku},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2509.11459},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11459},
}

@article{gao2025noise,
  title = {From Noise to Precision: A Diffusion-Driven Approach to Zero-Inflated Precipitation Prediction},
  author = {Wentao Gao and Jiuyong Li and Lin Liu and Thuc Duy Le and Xiongren Chen and Xiaojing Du and Jixue Liu and Yanchang Zhao and Yun Chen},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2509.10501},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.10501},
}

@article{hunt2025stop,
  title = {Stop using root-mean-square error as a precipitation target!},
  author = {Kieran M. R. Hunt},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2509.08369},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08369},
}

@article{miralles2025observationguided,
  title = {Observation-guided Interpolation Using Graph Neural Networks for High-Resolution Nowcasting in Switzerland},
  author = {Ophélia Miralles and Daniele Nerini and Jonas Bhend and Baudouin Raoult and Christoph Spirig},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2509.00017},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.00017},
}

@article{fan2025bayesian,
  title = {Bayesian Deep Learning for Convective Initiation Nowcasting Uncertainty Estimation},
  author = {Da Fan and David John Gagne and Steven J. Greybush and Eugene E. Clothiaux and John S. Schreck and Chaopeng Shen},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2507.16219},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16219},
}

@article{pavlik2025do,
  title = {Do Echo Top Heights Improve Deep Learning Nowcasts?},
  author = {Peter Pavlík and Marc Schleiss and Anna Bou Ezzeddine and Viera Rozinajová},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2507.00845},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.00845},
}

@article{curcio2025spatiotemporal,
  title = {Towards a Spatiotemporal Fusion Approach to Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Felipe Curcio and Pedro Castro and Augusto Fonseca and Rafaela Castro and Raquel Franco and Eduardo Ogasawara and Victor Stepanenko and Fabio Porto and Mariza Ferro and Eduardo Bezerra},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2505.19258},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.19258},
}

@article{chase2025how,
  title = {How to use score-based diffusion in earth system science: A satellite nowcasting example},
  author = {Randy J. Chase and Katherine Haynes and Lander Ver Hoef and Imme Ebert-Uphoff},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2505.10432},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.10432},
}

@article{sarabia2025rainpro8,
  title = {RainPro-8: An Efficient Deep Learning Model to Estimate Rainfall Probabilities Over 8 Hours},
  author = {Rafael Pablos Sarabia and Joachim Nyborg and Morten Birk and Jeppe Liborius Sjørup and Anders Lillevang Vesterholt and Ira Assent},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2505.10271},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.10271},
}

@article{mamtani2025axialunet,
  title = {Axial-UNet: A Neural Weather Model for Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Sumit Mamtani and Maitreya Sonawane},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2504.19408},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.19408},
}

@article{turzi2025ssaunet,
  title = {SSA-UNet: Advanced Precipitation Nowcasting via Channel Shuffling},
  author = {Marco Turzi and Siamak Mehrkanoon},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2504.18309},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.18309},
}

@article{metzl2025physical,
  title = {Physical Scales Matter: The Role of Receptive Fields and Advection in Satellite-Based Thunderstorm Nowcasting with Convolutional Neural Networks},
  author = {Christoph Metzl and Kianusch Vahid Yousefnia and Richard Müller and Virginia Poli and Miria Celano and Tobias Bölle},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2504.09994},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.09994},
}

@article{shu2025wavehits,
  title = {WaveHiTS: Wavelet-Enhanced Hierarchical Time Series Modeling for Wind Direction Nowcasting in Eastern Inner Mongolia},
  author = {Hailong Shu and Weiwei Song and Yue Wang and Jiping Zhang},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2504.06532},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.06532},
}

@article{shi2025spatialtemporal,
  title = {A Spatial-temporal Deep Probabilistic Diffusion Model for Reliable Hail Nowcasting with Radar Echo Extrapolation},
  author = {Haonan Shi and Long Tian and Jie Tao and Yufei Li and Liming Wang and Xiyang Liu},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2503.22724},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.22724},
}

@article{shi2025integrating,
  title = {Integrating Weather Station Data and Radar for Precipitation Nowcasting: SmaAt-fUsion and SmaAt-Krige-GNet},
  author = {Jie Shi and Aleksej Cornelissen and Siamak Mehrkanoon},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2502.16116},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.16116},
}

@article{chen2025skillful,
  title = {Skillful Nowcasting of Convective Clouds With a Cascade Diffusion Model},
  author = {Haoming Chen and Xiaohui Zhong and Qiang Zhai and Xiaomeng Li and Ying Wa Chan and Pak Wai Chan and Yuanyuan Huang and Hao Li and Xiaoming Shi},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2502.10957},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.10957},
}

@article{tsoi2025analogue,
  title = {Analogue Forecast System for Daily Precipitation Prediction Using Autoencoder Feature Extraction: Application in Hong Kong},
  author = {Yee Chun Tsoi and Yu Ting Kwok and Ming Chun Lam and Wai Kin Wong},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2501.02814},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.02814},
}

@article{sun2024back,
  title = {Back To The Future: A Hybrid Transformer-XGBoost Model for Action-oriented Future-proofing Nowcasting},
  author = {Ziheng Sun},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2412.19832},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.19832},
}

@article{li2024selfsupervised,
  title = {Self-supervised Spatial-Temporal Learner for Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Haotian Li and Arno Siebes and Siamak Mehrkanoon},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2412.15917},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.15917},
}

@article{park2024datadriven,
  title = {Data-driven Precipitation Nowcasting Using Satellite Imagery},
  author = {Young-Jae Park and Doyi Kim and Minseok Seo and Hae-Gon Jeon and Yeji Choi},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2412.11480},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.11480},
}

@article{seal2024dyffcast,
  title = {DYffCast: Regional Precipitation Nowcasting Using IMERG Satellite Data. A case study over South America},
  author = {Daniel Seal and Rossella Arcucci and Salva Rühling-Cachay and César Quilodrán-Casas},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2412.02723},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.02723},
}

@article{wen2024duocast,
  title = {DuoCast: Duo-Probabilistic Diffusion for Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Penghui Wen and Mengwei He and Patrick Filippi and Na Zhao and Feng Zhang and Thomas Francis Bishop and Zhiyong Wang and Kun Hu},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2412.01091},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.01091},
}

@article{yan2024fourier,
  title = {Fourier Amplitude and Correlation Loss: Beyond Using L2 Loss for Skillful Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Chiu-Wai Yan and Shi Quan Foo and Van Hoan Trinh and Dit-Yan Yeung and Ka-Hing Wong and Wai-Kin Wong},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2410.23159},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.23159},
}

@article{partio2024cloudcast,
  title = {CloudCast -- Total Cloud Cover Nowcasting with Machine Learning},
  author = {Mikko Partio and Leila Hieta and Anniina Kokkonen},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2410.21329},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.21329},
}

@article{chaorong2024extreme,
  title = {Extreme Precipitation Nowcasting using Multi-Task Latent Diffusion Models},
  author = {Li Chaorong and Ling Xudong and Yang Qiang and Qin Fengqing and Huang Yuanyuan},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2410.14103},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.14103},
}

@article{li2024precipitation,
  title = {Precipitation Nowcasting Using Diffusion Transformer with Causal Attention},
  author = {ChaoRong Li and XuDong Ling and YiLan Xue and Wenjie Luo and LiHong Zhu and FengQing Qin and Yaodong Zhou and Yuanyuan Huang},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2410.13314},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.13314},
}

@article{sarabia2024multisource,
  title = {Multi-Source Temporal Attention Network for Precipitation Nowcasting},
  author = {Rafael Pablos Sarabia and Joachim Nyborg and Morten Birk and Jeppe Liborius Sjørup and Anders Lillevang Vesterholt and Ira Assent},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2410.08641},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.08641},
}

@article{gong2024postcast,
  title = {PostCast: Generalizable Postprocessing for Precipitation Nowcasting via Unsupervised Blurriness Modeling},
  author = {Junchao Gong and Siwei Tu and Weidong Yang and Ben Fei and Kun Chen and Wenlong Zhang and Xiaokang Yang and Wanli Ouyang and Lei Bai},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2410.05805},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.05805},
}

@article{schmude2024prithvi,
  title = {Prithvi WxC: Foundation Model for Weather and Climate},
  author = {Johannes Schmude and Sujit Roy and Will Trojak and Johannes Jakubik and Daniel Salles Civitarese and Shraddha Singh and Julian Kuehnert and Kumar Ankur and Aman Gupta and Christopher E Phillips and Romeo Kienzler and Daniela Szwarcman and Vishal Gaur and Rajat Shinde and Rohit Lal and Arlindo Da Silva and Jorge Luis Guevara Diaz and Anne Jones and Simon Pfreundschuh and Amy Lin and Aditi Sheshadri and Udaysankar Nair and Valentine Anantharaj and Hendrik Hamann and Campbell Watson and Manil Maskey and Tsengdar J Lee and Juan Bernabe Moreno and Rahul Ramachandran},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2409.13598},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.13598},
}

@article{kucuk2024integrated,
  title = {Integrated nowcasting of convective precipitation with Transformer-based models using multi-source data},
  author = {Çağlar Küçük and Aitor Atencia and Markus Dabernig},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2409.10367},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.10367},
}

@article{diaz2024personalized,
  title = {Personalized Federated Learning for improving radar based precipitation nowcasting on heterogeneous areas},
  author = {Judith Sáinz-Pardo Díaz and María Castrillo and Juraj Bartok and Ignacio Heredia Cachá and Irina Malkin Ondík and Ivan Martynovskyi and Khadijeh Alibabaei and Lisana Berberi and Valentin Kozlov and Álvaro López García},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2408.05761},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.05761},
}

@article{das2024hybrid,
  title = {Hybrid physics-AI outperforms numerical weather prediction for extreme precipitation nowcasting},
  author = {Puja Das and August Posch and Nathan Barber and Michael Hicks and Thomas J. Vandal and Kate Duffy and Debjani Singh and Katie van Werkhoven and Auroop R. Ganguly},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2407.11317},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.11317},
}

@article{kumar2023skilful,
  title = {Skilful Precipitation Nowcasting Using NowcastNet},
  author = {Ajitabh Kumar},
  year = {2023},
  eprint = {2311.17961},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.17961},
}

@article{snderby2020metnet,
  title = {MetNet: A Neural Weather Model for Precipitation Forecasting},
  author = {Casper Kaae Sønderby and Lasse Espeholt and Jonathan Heek and Mostafa Dehghani and Avital Oliver and Tim Salimans and Shreya Agrawal and Jason Hickey and Nal Kalchbrenner},
  year = {2020},
  eprint = {2003.12140},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.12140},
}